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ssp. quercus (Linnaeus, 1758): EU, NAF, Asia Minor, Caucasus, Transcaucasia
ssp. interjectus (Verity, 1919): central Italy
ssp. longicaudatus (Riley, 1921): W.Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey (Hakkari)
ssp. iberica (Staudinger, 1901): Morocco, Algeria, Iberia

TYPE LOCALITY
England, Europe

DISTRIBUTION AND VARIATION
The nominotypical form is known to occur in the European part to the Urals in the East. Populations from the Caucasus and the Crimea are intermediate toward the ssp. interjectus (Verity, 1919), the latter taxon originally described from central Italy. The ssp. longicaudatus (Riley, 1921) (TL: «... N. W. Persia, ... Karind Gorge») lives in W. Iran and probably in Talysh Mts., Azerbaijan as well as. according to Kocak (1977), in Hakkari, Turkey.

TAXONOMIC NOTES
The taxon longicaudatus is sometimes treated as a synonym of quercus (Hesselbarth et al., 1995). Riley (1921) recorded a male in «Lenkoran», now deposited in BMNH. Unfortunately, until now no further specimens from this area have become available for study, so the status of the population remains unclear. Superficially and in structure of the genitalia, the specimens available from other parts of Transcaucasia are much closer to those from S. Europe than to longicaudatus . For the subspecific classification of F. quercus , see Bridges (1988).

HABITATS AND BIOLOGY
Different kinds of forest and park with oak trees, ranging from lowlands up to 2,800 m a.s.l. Flight period: late June to mid-September. Host plants: Quercus spp. ( Q. robur, Q. macranthera ). Males patrol the crowns of oak trees, showing territorial behaviour. Egg-laying at base of buds on shoots. The fully formed larva overwinters inside the egg shell. Hatching synchronised with bud opening. Mature larvae (Pl. 88, fig. 3) build simple nests of leaves. Pupation in the soil (Dantchenko et al., 1995).

SIMILAR SPECIES
Favonius saphirinus : ground colour of UNS silver grey, sometimes with light brownish tint; ground colour of UPS in males with strong metallic bluish or greenish shine.